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Kōwa (Muromachi period)
Kōwa (弘和) was a Japanese era name (年号, ''nengō'', lit. year name) of the Southern Court during the Era of Northern and Southern Courts after Tenju and before Genchū. This period spanned the years from February 1381 to April 1384.〔Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "''Nengō''" in ( ''Japan encyclopedia'', p. 566; ) n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, ''see'' (Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File ).〕 The Southern Court emperors in Yoshino during this time-frame were and . The Northern court emperors in Kyoto were and 〔Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). (''Annales des empereurs du japon'', pp. 310-327. )〕
==Nanboku-chō overview==
During the Meiji period, an Imperial decree dated March 3, 1911 established that the legitimate reigning monarchs of this period were the direct descendants of Emperor Go-Daigo through Emperor Go-Murakami, whose had been established in exile in Yoshino, near Nara.〔Thomas, Julia Adeney. (2001). ( ''Reconfiguring modernity: concepts of nature in Japanese political ideology'', p. 199 n57 ), citing Mehl, Margaret. (1997). ''History and the State in Nineteenth-Century Japan.'' p. 140-147.〕
Until the end of the Edo period, the militarily superior pretender-Emperors supported by the Ashikaga shogunate had been mistakenly incorporated in Imperial chronologies despite the undisputed fact that the Imperial Regalia were not in their possession.〔
This illegitimate had been established in Kyoto by Ashikaga Takauji.〔
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